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Innovations in medicine

   

The Balloon Embolectomy Catheter

 is a wonderful example of simple inventions resulting in a powerful medical breakthrough. This invention pioneered minimally invasive vascular surgery, and extended life saving procedures to ten's of millions of people.

  Surgeon Thomas J. Fogarty, M.D. as professor, inventor and entrepreneur, has saved tens of millions of lives by pioneering the tools and methods of less invasive vascular surgery. Before earning his MD in 1960 from the University of Cincinnati Medical School, Fogarty had conceived and designed his most significant invention. The Fogarty Balloon Embolectomy Catheter is, like many revolutionary medical innovations, simple in concept.

It is comprised of a hollow tube about the width of a pencil, with a small inflatable balloon attached at tip. The catheter is inserted through an incision into a blood vessel, and pressed through a blood clot; the balloon is inflated, so it can displace the clot as it is extracted from the vessel.

Fogarty built the first prototype in his attic using his boyhood fly-tying kit familiar to him from his regular fishing trips. Employing his dexterity he attached the fingertip of a latex surgical glove to the hollow tube. Fogarty's balloon catheter procedure was the first successful example of "less-invasive" vascular surgery.

Diovan


 

What is Diovan

Diovan is in a group of drugs called angiotensin II receptor antagonists. Diovan keeps blood vessels from narrowing, which lowers blood pressure and improves blood flow.

Diovan is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) or heart failure. It is also used to reduce the risk of death after a heart attack.

Diovan may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.

The most important information about Diovan

Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are pregnant. Diovan may cause injury and even death to the unborn baby if you take it during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Use an effective form of birth control. Stop using this medication and tell your doctor right away if you become pregnant during treatment. Do not use this medication if you are allergic to valsartan, or if you are unable to urinate. Avoid drinking alcohol. It can lower your blood pressure and may increase some of the side effects of Diovan. Do not use potassium supplements or salt substitutes while you are taking Diovan, unless your doctor has told you to.

What to discuss with your  doctor taking Diovan

Do not use this medication if you are allergic to valsartan, or if you are unable to urinate.

Before using Diovan, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have:
kidney disease; or
liver disease.

If you have any of these conditions, you may not be able to use this medication, or you may need a dosage adjustment or special tests during treatment.
FDA pregnancy category D. This medication can cause harm to an unborn baby. This medication may cause injury and even death to the unborn baby if you take it during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Do not use this medication without your doctor's consent if you are pregnant. Use an effective form of birth control. Stop using this medication and tell your doctor right away if you become pregnant during treatment. It is not known whether Diovan passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use Diovan without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

How to take Diovan

Take this medication exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not take the medication in larger amounts, or take it for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label.

Your doctor may occasionally change your dose to make sure you get the best results from this medication.
Take Diovan with a full glass (8 ounces) of water.

To be sure this medication is helping your condition, your blood pressure will need to be checked on a regular basis. Your kidney function may also need to be tested. Do not miss any scheduled visits to your doctor.

If you are being treated for high blood pressure, keep using this medication even if you feel fine. High blood pressure often has no symptoms.
Store Diovan at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

What happens in case of missing a dose

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at the next regularly scheduled time. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

What happens in case of overdosing

Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine.

Symptoms of a Diovan overdose may include fast or slow heartbeat, feeling light-headed, or fainting.

What to avoid while taking Diovan

Avoid drinking alcohol. It can lower your blood pressure and may increase some of the side effects of Diovan. Do not use potassium supplements or salt substitutes while you are taking Diovan, unless your doctor has told you to.

Diovan side effects

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using this medication and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:

feeling light-headed, fainting;

swelling, rapid weight gain;

fast or pounding heartbeats;

urinating less than usual, or not at all;

jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); or

dry mouth, increased thirst, drowsiness, restless feeling, confusion, nausea, vomiting, increased urination, muscle pain or weakness, fast heart rate, feeling light-headed, fainting, or seizure (convulsions).

Keep taking Diovan and talk with your doctor if you have any of these less serious side effects:

headache, dizziness;

joint or muscle pain;

upset stomach, diarrhea, constipation, gas;

sleep problems (insomnia);

runny or stuffy nose, sore throat, cough; or

dry mouth.

Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.

Other drugs which affect Diovan

Before taking Diovan, tell your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs:

any other blood pressure medications; or

a diuretic (water pill) such as amiloride (Midamor), spironolactone (Aldactone), or triamterene (Dyrenium, Maxzide, Dyazide).

If you are using any of these drugs, you may not be able to use Diovan, or you may need dosage adjustments or special tests during treatment.

There may be other drugs not listed that can affect Diovan. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.

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