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Innovations in medicine

   

The Balloon Embolectomy Catheter

 is a wonderful example of simple inventions resulting in a powerful medical breakthrough. This invention pioneered minimally invasive vascular surgery, and extended life saving procedures to ten's of millions of people.

  Surgeon Thomas J. Fogarty, M.D. as professor, inventor and entrepreneur, has saved tens of millions of lives by pioneering the tools and methods of less invasive vascular surgery. Before earning his MD in 1960 from the University of Cincinnati Medical School, Fogarty had conceived and designed his most significant invention. The Fogarty Balloon Embolectomy Catheter is, like many revolutionary medical innovations, simple in concept.

It is comprised of a hollow tube about the width of a pencil, with a small inflatable balloon attached at tip. The catheter is inserted through an incision into a blood vessel, and pressed through a blood clot; the balloon is inflated, so it can displace the clot as it is extracted from the vessel.

Fogarty built the first prototype in his attic using his boyhood fly-tying kit familiar to him from his regular fishing trips. Employing his dexterity he attached the fingertip of a latex surgical glove to the hollow tube. Fogarty's balloon catheter procedure was the first successful example of "less-invasive" vascular surgery.

Claritin


The most important information about Claritin

• Use caution when driving, operating machinery, or performing other hazardous activities. Although unlikely, Claritin may cause dizziness or drowsiness. If you experience dizziness or drowsiness, avoid these activities.


What is Claritin

• Claritin is an antihistamine. Antihistamines prevent sneezing, runny nose, itching and watering of the eyes, and other allergic symptoms.
• Claritin is used to treat allergies, hives (urticaria), and other allergic inflammatory conditions.
• Claritin may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.


Who should not take Claritin

• Before taking Claritin, tell your doctor if you have
· ever had an allergic reaction to an antihistamine;
· kidney disease; or
· liver disease.
• You may not be able to take Claritin, or you may require a dosage adjustment or special monitoring during treatment if you have any of the conditions listed above.
• Claritin is in the FDA pregnancy category B. This means that it is not expected to harm an unborn baby. Do not take Claritin without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant.
• Claritin passes into breast milk and may affect a nursing infant. Do not take Claritin without first talking to your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.


How to take Claritin

• Take Claritin exactly as directed by your doctor. If you do not understand these instructions, ask your pharmacist, nurse, or doctor to explain them to you.
• Take each dose with a full glass (8 ounces) of water.
• Do not crush, chew, or break the regular Claritin tablets. Swallow them whole.
• Place the Claritin rapidly-disintegrating-tablets (Claritin Reditabs) on your tongue and allow them to dissolve. The tablet will disintegrate rapidly. Swallow with or without water.
• To ensure the correct dose, measure the syrup form of Claritin with a dose-measuring spoon or cup, not with a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.
• Claritin is usually taken once a day. Follow your doctor's instructions.
• Never take more of this medication than directed. If your symptoms do not improve, talk to your doctor.
• Store Claritin at room temperature away from moisture and heat. Use the Claritin rapidly-disintegrating-tablets (Claritin Reditabs) within 6 months of opening the laminated foil pouch, and immediately upon opening the individual tablet blisters.


What happens in case of missing a dose

• Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take only your next regularly scheduled dose. Do not take a double dose of this medication.


What happens in case overdose

• Seek emergency medical attention.
• Symptoms of a Claritin overdose include headache, drowsiness, irregular heartbeat, nausea, and vomiting.


What should I avoid while taking Claritin

• Use caution when driving, operating machinery, or performing other hazardous activities. Although unlikely, Claritin may cause dizziness or drowsiness. If you experience dizziness or drowsiness, avoid these activities.


The possible side effects of Claritin

• If you experience any of the following serious side effects, stop taking Claritin and call your doctor immediately or seek emergency medical attention.
· an allergic reaction (difficulty breathing; closing of your throat; swelling of your lips, tongue, or face; or hives);
· an irregular heartbeat; or
· seizures.
• Other, less serious side effects may be more likely to occur. Continue to take Claritin and talk to your doctor if you experience
· drowsiness or dizziness;
· headache;
· nervousness;
· nausea, diarrhea, or abdominal discomfort;
· dry mouth;
· dry skin or itchiness; or
· discoloration of urine.
• Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.


Other drugs which affect Claritin

• There are no known interactions between Claritin and other medications. Talk to your doctor and pharmacist before taking any prescription or over-the-counter medicines during treatment with Claritin.

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